'''jallikattu''' - ஜல்லிகட்டு is a livestock/ bulltaming recreation played in tamil nadu as a part of pongal birthday celebration. This is one of the oldest dwelling historical sports visible within the modern-day generation. It is held in the villages of tamil nadu as part of the village competition. The fairs are held from january to july, every 12 months. The only held in alanganallur, close to madurai, is one of the more popular events. This game is also referred to as "manju virattu", meaning "chasing the bull".
Jallikattu is based totally at the easy concept of "flight or fight". Farm animals being herd and prey animals in standard have a tendency to run far from undesirable conditions. However there are quite noteworthy exceptions. Cape buffalos are famous for status up towards lions and killing them. The indian gaur bull is understood for standing its ground towards predators and tigers assume two times about attacking a complete grown gaur bull. Aurochs, the ancestor of home farm animals was known for its pugnacious nature. Jallikattu bulls belong to 3 unique breeds of livestock that descended from the kangayam breed of farm animals and those livestock are very pugnacious by nature. Those livestock are reared in huge herds numbering in masses with a few cowherds tending to them. These cattle are for all practical comparisons, wild and most effective the cowherds can mingle with them without any worry of being attacked. It is from those herds that calves with appropriate traits and body conformation are selected and reared to end up jallikattu bulls. These bulls assault no longer due to the fact they're angry or agitated or nervous, but due to the fact that is their primary nature.
There are three variations of jallikattu:
1) vadi manju virattu - this model takes location ordinarily in the districts of madurai, pudukottai, theni, tanjore and salem. This model that has been popularised with the aid of tv and movies entails the bull being released from an enclosure with a gap. As the bull comes out of the enclosure, one man or woman clings to the hump of the bull. The bull in its try to shake him off will bolt (as in maximum instances), however some will hook the guy with their horns and throw him off. The regulations specify that the character has to hold on to the going for walks bull for a predetermined distance to win the prize. On this version, handiest one character is meant to attempt catching the bull. But this rule being strictly enforced relies upon on the village wherein the event is performed and greater importantly, the bull himself. Some bulls collect a recognition and that by myself is sufficient for them to receive a unhindered passage out of the enclosure and arena.
2) vaeli virattu - this model is more popular within the districts of sivagangai, manamadurai and madurai. The bull is launched in an open floor with none restrictions in any manner (no rope or determined path). The bulls once launched just run far from the sphere in any course that they choose. Maximum don’t even come near any human. But there are some bulls that don’t run but stand their ground and assault every person who tries to come close to them. Those bulls will "play" for some time (from a couple of minutes to more than one hours) presenting a spectacle for visitors, players and owners alike. The elegance of such bulls cannot be defined. They should be visible firsthand to honestly apprehend the basic psyche at the back of the game of jallikattu.
Three) vadam manjuvirattu - "vadam" method rope in tamil. The bull is tied to a 50 toes lengthy rope and is unfastened to move inside this space. A team of seven or 9 members should try to subdue the bull within half-hour. This model is very safe for spectators because the bull is tied and awesome the spectators are shielded with the aid of barricades.
Schooling of jallikattu bulls
The calves which might be chosen to end up jallikattu bulls are fed a nutritious food regimen in order that they grow to be strong, robust beasts. The bulls are made to swim for workout. The calves, after they reach youth are taken to small jallikattu occasions to familiarize them with the ecosystem. Specific education is given to vadam manju virattu bulls to apprehend the restraints of the rope. Apart from this, no different schooling is furnished to jallikattu bulls. As soon as the bulls are launched, then intuition takes over.
History
Jallikattu, which is bull-baiting or bull preventing, is an ancient tamilian culture, popular amongst warriors at some stage in the tamil classical length. Consistent with legend, in olden days the sport was used by women to pick out their husbands. Successful "matadors" were chosen as grooms.
The term jallikattu comes from the time period "salli" kassu (cash) and "kattu" (meaning a bundle) tied to the horns of the bulls because the prize money. Later days for the duration of the colonial duration this time period were given modified to jallikattu that's the time period presently used. Typically the majestic kangeyam bull is worried on this recreation, as they're clearly extra ferocious and muscular than every other of its species.
Well-known jallikattu locations consist of:
Alanganallur
Avaniapuram
Tiruvapur near pudukottai
Kondalaampatti, thammampatti in salem, tamil nadu
Palemedu close to madurai
Sravayal close to karaikudi
Kanduppatti near sivagangai
Venthanpatti close to ponnamaravathy, pudukottai (dist)
Pallavarayanpatty close to cumbum
Unlike in bullfighting, the matador does now not kill the bull. There are rarely any casualties suffered through the bulls. Several animal activists item to this dangerous sport each year, however to date these objections were in vain.
There are numerous rock artwork, more than three,500 years vintage, at remote karikkiyur village within the nilgiris district in tamil nadu that display guys chasing bulls. Kaikkiyur, located approximately 40 km from kotagiri town, is the biggest rock artwork site in south india. The rock surface web page, teeming with greater than 500 artwork, was located in 2004.
Every other unmarried portray determined in a cave at kalluthu mettupatti, approximately 35 km west of madurai, among madurai and dindigul, shows a lone guy looking to manipulate a bull. Archaeologists predicted that this painting, executed in white kaolin, is set 1,500 years antique.
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